Python Tutorial: Getting Started with the Basics

 

Python Tutorial: Getting Started with the Basics

1. Installing Python

• Download from python.org and install.

• Verify installation by running python --version in your terminal.

2. Writing Your First Python Program

Create a file hello.py with:

python
print("Hello, world!")

Run it with:

bash
python hello.py

3. Variables and Data Types

python
name = "Alice"          # String  
age = 25                # Integer  
height = 5.6            # Float  
is_student = True       # Boolean  

4. Control Flow

If-else:

python
if age >= 18:  
    print("Adult")  
else:  
    print("Minor")  

Loops:

python
for i in range(5):  
    print(i)  

count = 0  
while count < 5:  
    print(count)  
    count += 1  

5. Functions

python
def greet(name):  
    return f"Hello, {name}!"

print(greet("Alice"))

6. Lists and Dictionaries

python
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]  
print(fruits[1])  # banana

person = {"name": "Alice", "age": 25}  
print(person["name"])  # Alice

7. Importing Modules

python
import math  
print(math.sqrt(16))  # 4.0

Python Tutorial: Getting Started with the Basics


Installing Python

Download Python from python.org and install it. After installation, open your terminal or command prompt and type python --version to check if it’s installed correctly.


Writing Your First Python Program

Create a file named hello.py and write the following line:

print("Hello, world!")

Run it by typing python hello.py in your terminal.


Variables and Data Types

Python supports various data types:




Strings: name = "Alice"


Integers: age = 25


Floats: height = 5.6


Booleans: is_student = True




Control Flow

Use if-else statements for decision making:

If age is 18 or more, print "Adult", else print "Minor".

Loops allow repeated execution:




For loop example: Loop from 0 to 4 and print each number.


While loop example: Print numbers while a condition is true.




Functions

Define reusable blocks of code with functions. Example: A function greet takes a name and returns a greeting string.


Lists and Dictionaries




Lists are ordered collections: fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]


Dictionaries store key-value pairs: person = {"name": "Alice", "age": 25}




Importing Modules

Python has many built-in modules. For example, import the math module to use mathematical functions like square root.